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Website development in Java (A Detail Guide)

 

Are you interested in becoming a full-stack developer in java? If yes, you are at the right place.

Some people get excited by the designs and user interface (frontend developers), while some get curious about how a website works (backend developers). Being a full-stack developer has both qualities.

Website development in Java

Full-stack development includes developing a web application frontend and backend both.  The back end is considered the heart of the application, and the front end involves the part which the users interact with. Let’s understand both in detail.


Who is a Full Stack Developer in Java?

A full stack developer that uses java to build both the backend and frontend of a website or web application is known as a full stack developer in java. Full-stack Java developers know the complete Java suite of technologies, which includes web architecture, databases, REST API, and servlets needed to create websites and mobile applications.

Java is a simple language to master and has many advantages compared to C and C++. Java is an object-oriented programming language and is also platform-independent, which makes it widely applicable.


Why are Full Stack Developers in Demand?

In today’s technological space, companies benefit tremendously from hiring Full stack developers. Developing one project requires more than 20 technical roles. Whereas a full-stack developer has knowledge of various technologies across the stack of website development.

Some direct advantage of hiring a full-stack developer is as follows:

  • Money and time are saved.
  • Gives quick and rounded solutions.
  • Provides greater exposure.
  • Can resolve bugs for both frontend and backend
  • Get more opportunities and learnings.
  • Higher pay job.
  • Fixes both frontend and backend bugs.
  • They are in high demand.
  • Have broad future scope.

Let us take a detailed look at full-stack development in Java by understanding their roles as frontend and backend developers in Java programming language.


Frontend development in Java

Front-end developers are specialists in creating and implementing the interface of websites and web applications. They deal with the interface and the designing part of the website. The front-end coders use coding languages like CSS, HTML, and JavaScript to design highly interactive and easy to navigate websites and applications.

Java applets were initially used in front-end development but had various drawbacks.

Nowadays, Java is rarely used in front-end development.


Are Java and JavaScript the same?

Beginners need to clear up this confusion that JavaScript has nothing to do with Java. JS is a scripting language used along with HTML to create dynamic websites.

The scripting language was named JavaScript only to take advantage of the popularity of “java programming language” back then.


Web services in java

A web service is a software system that supports interoperable machine-to-machine interaction over a network. Web service is an appropriate medium to propagate communication between the client and server applications on the World Wide Web.

Web services are made for web applications accessing data in the form of JSON, XML etc.

There are two types of web services:

1. SOAP: SOAP stands for Simple Object Access Protocol. It is an XML-based protocol.

It is a standard protocol built on XML for creating and implementing web services. It is platform and language-neutral because it is XML-based. As a result, our clients may use .(dot) NET, PHP, or another technology, while our server may be built on Java.

2. REST: REST is an architectural style for developing web services. It’s gained popularity recently because it has a small learning curve compared to SOAP. Resources are core concepts of Restful web services, and their URIs uniquely identify them.


Backend development in Java

Backend development means working on the server side of a website, which means the side which is not visible to the user. This focuses on APIs, databases and the architecture of the website.

Java has the benefit of being a statically-typed language, which offers superior performance and stability regarding its strengths. Java offers better security features, such as the Java Virtual Machine (JVM), which has memory isolation and safety.


Backend Frameworks in java

Java has been the most commonly used programming language for over 20 years. It has many backend frameworks, but their dependability and adaptability differ greatly. The most widely used Java backend systems today are:


1. Spring Framework

One of the most reliable and adaptable backend frameworks is the Spring Framework. It has several unique modules that give coders a selection of application tools. This framework configures application components in loose couplings using the ideas of Dependency Injection and Inversion of Control, assisting in increasing the application's responsiveness.

It is complex for junior developers, and has difficulty learning graphs.


2. Hibernate

Hibernate, a framework that offers an abstraction layer for interacting with your database, from establishing connections to performing CRUD operations, is another well-liked Java backend framework. It's important to remember that hibernate is not a completely independent framework and is not intended to solve many of the problems with Java Database Connectivity (JDBC).


Database Connectivity

In computer science, database connectivity is a way for client software to communicate with database server software, whether or not they are running on the same computer. A connection is required to send messages and receive answers accordingly.


JDBC (Java Database Connectivity)

JDBC is an API (Application programming interface) used in a java programming language to interact with databases.

Java application that needs to communicate with the database has to be programmed using JDBC API. JDBC Driver supporting data sources such as Oracle and SQL server has to be added in the java application for JDBC support which can be done dynamically at run time.


ORM Frameworks

ORM (Object Relation Mapping) is a middleware used to connect databases and online applications. It combines the API with the implementation-specific information of storage devices.

Data conversion between Java objects and relational databases uses the ORM method. The ORM tool performs mapping so that each instance of a model class becomes a row of a database table. Some of its tools are:

  • Hibernate
  • TopLink
  • EclipseLink
  • OpenJPA

How to become a skilled full-stack developer?

The following points will help you in being a good full-stack developer:

  • Focus on both frontend and backend
  • Learn languages that are in so much requirement by the clients
  • Take courses through which you can learn.
  • Test yourself by Doing projects.
  • Practise the languages.
  • Choose two or three items from your list and devote two or three hours daily to working on them (e.g., 1 hr before work, lunch break, 1 hr after work).
  • Keep track of any errors so you can prevent them the next time you do.

Conclusion

Full Stack Developers are said to have a T-shaped skill set. A Full stack developer in java has basic knowledge of various technologies and has a strong grasp of one or two key technologies, making a T-shaped skillset.

The booming technological industry is looking for skilled Full-stack developers; you can definitely be one!


Author Bio:

Disha Rathore is a professional content writer with 3+ years of experience in the Edtech domain. With a background in technical education, Disha has been an avid reader from a young age. She is super fond of reading non-fiction and academic books and articles. Her quality lies in explaining complex topics in simplified language with a tint of creative examples and storytelling.